ACCA PM(業績管理)是管理會計的進階。ACCA PM Part C 中講述了多種預算方法的知識點,今天,ACCA小編要跟大家介紹一下兩個*端型的(零基預算【zero-based budget】和增量預算【incremental budget】)預算方法,一起去看看預算的相關知識點吧!
1.操作步驟
incremental budget
Past data+-some adjustments(即在過去的數據基礎上加減已知變化的調整)
zero-based budget
三部曲,考試頻率較高,需要背誦記憶:
a.列清單,找決策包(decision packages)
互斥決策包(選了A就一定不選B);增量決策包(base package+incremental package,完成zui低的工作要求的基礎上在做一些)戳:各科必背定義+歷年真題中文解析+20年BPP習題冊(PDF版)
b.Rank
c.Allocate resource
2.優缺點
incremental budget
Advantage:
a.Quick and easy
b.Avoid reinventing the wheel(避免重復勞動力,make use of past data,cost saving)
Disadvantage:
a.Builds on previous information(新的企業可能沒有過去的數據參考)
b.Unnecessary spendings used up budget allowance(延用過去的預算為基礎,可能為了下期拿到充足的預算金額,引發鋪張浪費)
c.Lack of business scrutiny(缺乏商業審慎性,對過去的數據缺乏質疑的態度,就直接拿著過去的數據用了)
zero-based budget
Advantage:
insufficient and obsolete operations can be identified and removed.(過去的浪費可以消除,因為從零開始做預算)
There are incerased staffs involved at all levels as it requires a lot information and work to complete the budget.(員工參與度高,可以提高積*性,提高忠誠度)
it responds to changes in the business environment.(迎合市場需求,預算上及時做調整)
Resources are alloacated efficiently and aconomically(通過對決策包的排序,資源分配更加合理有效)
Disadvantage:
it focuses on short term benefits.(只關注這一年的預算,所以容易造成短視)
it requires heigh management skill.(參與預算的人比較多,需要管理層全局上有個把控)
it takes up a lot of managers'time on budgeting process.(耗時)
Ranking can be difficult for different types of activities.(整個企業的決策包*多,各種各樣類型都有,排序很困難)
ACCA PM知識點的學習肯定要花時間,哪怕已有專業基礎且只是想通過,所以不要抱有僥幸心理。想了解更多ACCA PM考試知識點,請關注融躍教育官網!







