ACCA-LW章節中英文知識點Chapter2先例會失效嗎？，Chapter 2 Sources of law

1.3 先例會失效嗎？ Yes, 5種情況下會失效

Factors determining whether or not a precedent is binding

1.3.1 Court hierarchy等級結構

1.3.2 Established precedents will not be binding

1.3.1 Court hierarchy 等級結構

Only decisions of the higher courts in important cases can create precedent

1.3.2 Established precedents will not be binding

? Overrule否決

? Reverse推翻

? Distinguishing 區分(material facts similar——persuasive)

? ratio decidendi obsure

? Per incuriam

1.3.2.1 Overrule否決

? Where an earlier decision was made by a lower court, the judges of a higher court can overrule the ratio of that earlier case if they disagree with the lower court's statement of the law. The outcome of the earlier judgement remains the same, but will not be followed in future.

? 否決：指高級地位的法院否決了之前低級法院的判決結果作為先例的權利。比如：因為時代變遷，過去的法律規則不再適用于現在，因此高級地位的法院否決了之前案件所形成的先例;高級地位的法院會出一個updated decision適用現在及將來，之前當時的判決結果仍然有效。